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[1] Absher, K. M. (2009). KENNEDY LAUNCHES OPERATION MONGOOSE. In MIND-SETS AND MISSILES: A FIRST HAND ACCOUNT OF THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS (pp. 19–22). Strategic Studies Institute, US Army War College. http://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep12020.10 - “At the end of November 1961, President Kennedy issued a top secret order launching what became known as Operation MONGOOSE, “to use our available assets . . . to help Cuba overthrow the communist regime.” The head of operations for MONGOOSE, General Edward Lansdale, reported to a new Special Group 5412 (augmented), under the direction of Attorney General Robert Kennedy. President Kennedy constantly pushed the CIA to devise new schemes for undermining the Castro regime.” pp.19-20
[2] Weiner, T. (1997) "Documents Show Pentagon's Anti-Castro Plots During Kennedy Years," New York Times, November 19. https://web.archive.org/web/20030224033044/http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/kencast.htm - “Reflecting the Kennedys' intense desire to make Castro disappear, the CIA, as its part of Operation Mongoose, did everything from hiring Mafia hitmen to devising a poisoned scuba suit as a gift for Castro. Nothing worked.”
[3] Weiner, T. (1997) - “Then there was Operation Good Times. That involved sowing Cuba with faked photos of "an obese Castro" with two voluptuous women in a lavishly furnished room "and a table brimming over with the most delectable Cuban food." The faked photo would be captioned "my ration is different." “
[4] Nelson, A. K. (2001). Operation Northwoods and the Covert War against Cuba, 1961–1963. Cuban Studies, 32, 145–154. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24486204 - “The JCS response began with the assumption that "Operations against the Castro government will be covert in the initial stages." military "implications" of Castro's government could not be ignored they argued, was a threat to both the United States and other Western-Hemisphere countries, since it encouraged other poor Latin countries to follow its revolutionary example. Communist governments could cause the loss of U.S. bases, training areas, and strategic materials or threaten the Panama Canal through sabotage. In a statement repeated in other documents, the Chiefs wrote, "The communist regime in Cuba is incompatible with the minimum security requirements of the Western Hemisphere." Hence they were willing participants in the attempts to overthrow Castro”
[5] ABC News, (2001) ‘U.S. Military Wanted to Provoke War With Cuba’ . April 30. https://abcnews.go.com/U.S./story?id=92662&page=1#.TxsGQG_Ox2B - “Code named Operation Northwoods, the plans reportedly included the possible assassination of Cuban émigrés, sinking boats of Cuban refugees on the high seas, hijacking planes, blowing up a U.S. ship, and even orchestrating violent terrorism in U.S. cities.
The plans were developed as ways to trick the American public and the international community into supporting a war to oust Cuba's then new leader, communist Fidel Castro.”
[6] Voss, M. (2011) ‘Bay of Pigs: The 'perfect failure' of Cuba invasion’ BBC News. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-13066561. - “Fifty years ago, shortly before midnight on 16 April 1961, a group of some 1,500 Cuban exiles trained and financed by the CIA launched an ill-fated invasion of Cuba from the sea in the Bay of Pigs. The plan was to overthrow Fidel Castro and his revolution. Instead, it turned into a humiliating defeat which pushed Cuba firmly into the arms of the Soviet Union and has soured US-Cuban relations to this day….. The American plan was to sneak ashore virtually unopposed, secure the area, take the airfield and fly in a government-in-exile who would then call for direct US support.”
[7] Voss, M. (2011) - “At the same time, Fidel Castro took personal charge of the operation, and within only three days the battle was over.”
[8] Voss, M. (2011) - “At the same time, they were relying on a mass uprising in Cuba against the revolutionaries….He was joined on the beach by one of his neighbours, another fisherman, Domingo Rodriguez. "We thought, 'This is the invasion boys, be careful! They are trying to invade.' "We had 11 rifles between us and at about 0400 they started the landing so we opened fire." … The US, she believes, completely underestimated the degree of support for Fidel Castro's revolution inside Cuba. "The secret to the Cuban victory was the ideal for which we were fighting. Our lives were very difficult before the revolution. That's why everyone came here to fight."
[9] Nelson, A. K. (2001) - “In 1962, however, the issue did not revolve around the efficacy of the military plans, but around the need to find sufficient cause to intervene. The failure of the incursion at the Bay of Pigs illustrated the futility of relying on the Cuban people to rise up and join their "liberators." Given Fidel Castro's preparations for the defense of Cuba, intervention would require a sizable force and a well-conceived plan. The Chiefs were realistic in their appraisal of the military situation, noting that no Cuban counterrevolutionary leader had emerged and that the Cuban exile community was unlikely to produce one. They also assumed that Castro would be careful to avoid provoking the United States over the naval base at Guantanamo. So, it appeared that no excuse for intervention would appear.”
[10] ABC News, (2001) - “In the early 1960s, America's top military leaders reportedly drafted plans to kill innocent people and commit acts of terrorism in U.S. cities to create public support for a war against Cuba….Code named Operation Northwoods, the plans reportedly included the possible assassination of Cuban émigrés, sinking boats of Cuban refugees on the high seas, hijacking planes, blowing up a U.S. ship, and even orchestrating violent terrorism in U.S. cities…..America's top military brass even contemplated causing U.S. military casualties, writing: "We could blow up a U.S. ship in Guantanamo Bay and blame Cuba," and, "casualty lists in U.S. newspapers would cause a helpful wave of national indignation."
[11] ABC News, (2001) -“The plans had the written approval of all of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and were presented to President Kennedy's defense secretary, Robert McNamara, in March 1962. “
[12] ABC News, (2001) - “But they apparently were rejected by the civilian leadership and have gone undisclosed for nearly 40 years.”
[13] Encyclopaedia Britannica (2024). Gulf of Tonkin Resolution. Encyclopedia Britannica. July 29. https://www.britannica.com/event/Gulf-of-Tonkin-Resolution - “Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, resolution put before the U.S. Congress by President Lyndon B. Johnson on August 5, 1964. Passage of the resolution led to the direct involvement of the U.S. in the Vietnam War.”
[14] Encyclopaedia Britannica (2024) - “The purpose of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution was, as it stated, for Congress to approve and support “the determination of the President, as Commander in Chief, to take all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against the forces of the United States and to prevent further aggression.” It also declared that “[t]he United States regards as vital to its national interest and to world peace the maintenance of international peace and security in Southeast Asia…..The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution served as the principal constitutional authorization for the subsequent vast escalation of the United States’ military involvement in the Vietnam War.””
[15] Encyclopaedia Britannica (2024) - “Johnson presented it as a response to two allegedly unprovoked attacks in the Gulf of Tonkin by North Vietnamese torpedo boats on the U.S. destroyers Maddox and Turner Joy on August 2 and August 4, respectively…. It was based on a misinterpretation of reports describing actions taken by U.S. and North Vietnamese vessels during what came to be known as the Gulf of Tonkin incident.”
[16] Encyclopaedia Britannica (2024) - “It was based on a misinterpretation of reports describing actions taken by U.S. and North Vietnamese vessels”
[17] Bauer, P. (2025). Gulf of Tonkin incident. Encyclopedia Britannica. June 10. https://www.britannica.com/event/Gulf-of-Tonkin-incident - “The Maddox and the Turner Joy of the U.S. Seventh Fleet were sent to the Gulf of Tonkin in 1964 in order to conduct reconnaissance and to intercept North Vietnamese communications in support of South Vietnamese war efforts. At the same time, the Vietnamese navy was undertaking a mission under the oversight of the U.S. Department of Defense to attack radar stations, bridges, and other such targets along North Vietnam’s coasts.
[18] Bauer, P. (2025) - “On the night of July 30–31, 1964, South Vietnamese commandos attacked North Vietnamese radar and military installations on Hon Me and Hon Ngu islands in the Gulf of Tonkin.”
[19] Bauer, P. (2025) - “The following day, on August 2, the Maddox found that it was being approached by three North Vietnamese torpedo boats. The Maddox fired warning shots, but the torpedo boats continued and opened fire in return.”
[20] Bauer, P. (2025) - “The Maddox called in air support from a nearby carrier, the Ticonderoga. In the ensuing firefight, one of the torpedo boats was badly damaged, but the Maddox escaped harm”
[21] Bauer, P. (2025) - “though North Vietnam was under the impression that the Maddox had been involved in the raids on Hon Me and Hon Ngu islands.”
[22] Bauer, P. (2025) - “By the night of August 4, the U.S. military had intercepted North Vietnamese communications that led officials to believe that a North Vietnamese attack on its destroyers was being planned. Those communications most likely referred to operations to salvage the torpedo boat that had been damaged in the earlier firefight”
[23] Bauer, P. (2025) - “The Maddox and Turner Joy moved out to sea, but both reported that they were tracking multiple unidentified vessels approaching their positions. The vessels appeared to be coming from several different directions, and they were impossible to lock onto. Both ships began firing at what they thought were torpedo boats, and again they sought air support.”
[24] Bauer, P. (2025) - “A plane piloted by Commander James Stockdale joined the action, flying at low altitude to see the enemy ships. Stockdale reported seeing no torpedo boats.”
[25] Bauer, P. (2025) - “Several hours later, Captain John Herrick of the Maddox, after reviewing the events, sent the message, “Review of action makes many reported contacts and torpedoes fired appear doubtful. Freak weather effects on radar and overeager sonarmen may have accounted for many reports. …Suggest complete evaluation before any further action taken.”
[26] Carson, C., Malcolm-Carson, D. (1990) Black Panther Party In Encyclopedia of the American Left. edited by Mari Jo Buhle et al. New York: Garland Publishing. https://web.stanford.edu/~ccarson/articles/am_left.htm - “Founded in October 1966 by Huey Newton (1942-1989) and Bobby Seale (b. 1936), the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense became the most widely known black militant political organization of the late 1960s. The Black Panthers attracted widespread support among young urban blacks”
[27] Carson, C., Malcolm-Carson, D. (1990) - “The BPP dropped "for Self-Defense" from its name in 1967, but the group remained a paramilitary organization held together by Newton's eclectic ideas, which were drawn from Marxist-Leninist and black nationalist writings and from the examples of revolutionary movements in Asia and Africa. Although Newton and Seale once gained funds and notoriety by selling books containing the quotations of Mao Tse-tung, the revolutionary tract that most influenced Panther leaders during the mid-1960s was Frantz Fanon's Wretched of the Earth (1965).”
National Museum of African American History and Culture (Undated) The Black Panther Party: Challenging Police and Promoting Social Change. Smithsonian. https://nmaahc.si.edu/explore/stories/black-panther-party-challenging-police-and-promoting-social-change - “Local chapters of the Panthers, often led by women, focused attention on community “survival programs.” They organized a free breakfast program for 20,000 children each day as well as a free food program for families and the elderly. They sponsored schools, legal aid offices, clothing distribution, local transportation, and health clinics and sickle-cell testing centers in several cities. These activities provided concrete aid to low-income communities and drew support for the Panthers…Although created as a response to police brutality, the Black Panther Party quickly expanded to advocate for other social reforms. Among the organization initiatives, they campaigned for prison reform, held voter registration drives, organized free food programs which included food giveaways and a school breakfast program in several cities, opened free health clinics in a dozen cities serving thousands who could not afford it, and created Freedom Schools in nine cities including the noteworthy Oakland Community School, led by Ericka Huggins from 1973 to 1981.”
[28] Carson, C., Malcolm-Carson, D. (1990) - “The party's appeal among young blacks was based not on its unrefined ideology but on its willingness to challenge police power by asserting the right of armed self-defense for blacks. The explicit political goals of the Panthers were summarized in the last item of their ten-point Platform and Program: "We want land, bread, housing, education, clothing, justice, and peace. And as our major political objective, a United Nations-supervised plebiscite to be held throughout the black colony in which only black colonial subjects will be allowed to participate, for the purpose of determining the will of black people as to their national destiny."”
[31] Frederique, N. (2025). COINTELPRO. Encyclopedia Britannica. April 15 https://www.britannica.com/topic/COINTELPRO - “COINTELPRO, counterintelligence program conducted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) from 1956 to 1971 to discredit and neutralize organizations considered subversive to U.S. political stability. It was covert and often used extralegal means to criminalize various forms of political struggle and derail several social movements, such as those for civil rights and Puerto Rican independence.”
[32] Hoban, V. (2021) ‘Discredit, disrupt, and destroy’: FBI records acquired by the Library reveal violent surveillance of Black leaders, civil rights organizations. Berkeley Library. January 18 - “The objective, according to an FBI memo: to “expose, disrupt, misdirect, discredit, or otherwise neutralize” the radical fight for Black rights — and Black power.”
[33] Hoban, V. (2021) - “The FBI’s surveillance of African Americans and Black rights organizations — whom the FBI called “Black Extremists” or “Black Nationalist Hate Groups” — grew out of the bureau’s larger espionage operation known as COINTELPRO, the now infamous program launched in 1956 to snuff out communism in the United States. (Other radical groups, including socialists and anti-war activists, were soon added to the agenda.)”
[34] Hoban, V. (2021) - “One of the biggest lessons contained in the documents is abundantly clear: Whatever you do, don’t let them think you’re a communist. For Hoover, an Ahab-type character in pursuit of his cursed whale, the mere whiff of such leanings could trigger the dirtiest of tricks in the FBI’s arsenal. “No holds were barred,” said assistant FBI director William C. Sullivan in his testimony for the U.S. Senate’s Church Committee, as recorded in documents held by the Library and freely available on the digital repository HathiTrust. “We have used (these techniques) against Soviet agents. They have used (them) against us.” “We did not differentiate,” Sullivan said. “This is a rough, tough business.”
[35] Hoban, V. (2021) - “It was like a double evil,” notes Jesse Silva, scholarly resources strategy and federal government information librarian, who helped acquire the FBI records. “Communists are evil. Black nationalism is evil. Put them together — it’s the ultimate evil.
[36] Duncan, G.A. (2025) Black Panther Party. Encyclopedia Britannica. May 11. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Black-Panther-Party - “Notwithstanding the social services the Black Panther Party provided, the FBI declared the group a communist organization and an enemy of the U.S. government. Hoover had pledged that 1969 would be the last year of the Black Panther Party and devoted the resources of the FBI, through COINTELPRO, toward that end. In a protracted program against the Black Panther Party,”
[37] Duncan, G.A. (2025) -“The measures employed by the FBI were so extreme that, years later when they were revealed, the director of the agency publicly apologized for “wrongful uses of power.”
[38] Duncan, G.A. (2025) - “COINTELPRO used agent provocateurs, sabotage, misinformation, and lethal force to eviscerate the national organization”
[39] Taylor, G.F. (2013) How the FBI Conspired to Destroy the Black Panther Party
. InTheseTimes. December 4, https://inthesetimes.com/article/how-the-fbi-conspired-to-destroy-the-black-panther-party - “The government spent the next two weeks producing several volumes of documents each day. The files contained directives to destroy the Panther’s Breakfast for Children Program and disrupt the distribution of the BPP newspaper, extensive wiretap overhears and evidence that the charismatic Hampton had been specifically targeted for intensive surveillance and disruption.”
[40] It’s About Time: Black Panther Party and Alumni (2014) BLACK PANTHER PARTY
Pieces of History: 1966 - 1969. http://www.itsabouttimebpp.com/Chapter_History/BPP_Pieces_of_History.html - “January 30:
J. Edgar Hoover approves mailing of anonymous letter to provoke Blackstone Rangers to attack BPP members in Chicago.”
[41] It’s About Time: Black Panther Party and Alumni (2014) - “March 24:
In Los Angeles, inflammatory letters instigated by the FBI are sent to Panthers from US members.”
[42] Duncan, G.A. (2025) - “COINTELPRO used agent provocateurs”
[43] Carson, C., Malcolm-Carson, D. (1990) - “Police raids and the covert efforts of the FBI's counterintelligence program contributed to the tendency of Panther leaders to suspect the motives of black militants who did not fully agree with the party's strategy or tactics. In August 1967 the FBI targeted the Panthers when it launched its COINTELPRO operations designed to prevent "a coalition of militant black nationalist groups" and the emergence of a "black messiah" "who might unify and electrify these violence-prone elements." FBI-inspired misinformation, infiltration by informers, and numerous police assaults contributed to the Panther's siege mentality.”
[44] Matthias, M. (2025) Fred Hampton. Encyclopedia Britannica. June 11 https://www.britannica.com/biography/Fred-Hampton - “in 1968 Hampton parted ways with the by-the-book NAACP and joined the Black Panther Party as one of the Illinois chapter’s original members.”
[45] People’s Law Office (undated) The Murder of Fred Hampton. https://peopleslawoffice.com/about-civil-rights-lawyers/history/the-murder-of-fred-hampton/ - “On December 4, 1969, at 4:30 a.m., Edward Hanrahan and his squad of special police raided the Black Panther Party apartment at 2337 W. Monroe Street in Chicago.”
[46] People’s Law Office (undated) - “On December 4, 1969, at 4:30 a.m., Edward Hanrahan and his squad of special police raided the Black Panther Party apartment at 2337 W. Monroe Street in Chicago. A hail of police gunfire from rifles, a sub machine gun, shotguns and handguns left Fred Hampton and Mark Clark dead and four other Panthers wounded.”
[47] People’s Law Office (undated) - “In a carefully staged press conference only hours later, Hanrahan falsely claimed that there was a fierce shootout and that Fred and other Panthers had fired numerous shots at police.”
[48} Taylor, G.F. (2013) - “Though Hanrahan and his men claimed there had been a shootout that morning, physical evidence eventually proved that in reality, the Panthers had only fired a single shot in response to approximately 90 from the police.
[49] Ibid
[50] People’s Law Office (undated) - “The bloody mattress and pool of blood on the floor showed that Fred was shot at point blank range in his bed, and his body was dragged out into the hall.”
[51] Taylor, G.F. (2013) - “But in April 1979, the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals overturned the trial judge, finding that the FBI and its government lawyers had obstructed justice by suppressing the BPP files. The Court of Appeals also concluded that there was substantial evidence to support the conclusion that the FBI defendants, in planning and executing the raid, had participated in a “conspiracy designed to subvert and eliminate the Black Panther Party and its members,” thereby suppressing a “vital radical-Black political organization.” The Court further found there to be convincing evidence that these defendants also participated in a separate post-raid conspiracy to “conceal the true character of [their] pre-raid and raid activities,” to “harass the survivors of the raid” and to “frustrate any [legal] redress the survivors might seek.” “
[52] Ibid
[53] James M. Lutz; Brenda J. Lutz (2004). Global terrorism. Psychology Press. p. 46. ISBN 0-415-70051-5. Archived from the original on 5 January 2024. Retrieved 15 September 2018. “Israel has been active in both direct and indirect use of violence to achieve objectives ... Israel even used "false flag" operations. In 1954 sympathetic Jews in Egypt used bombs and arson against US installations. The objective was for local Arab radicals to receive the blame for the attacks in order to prevent improved US-Egyptian relations.” [quote accessed through wikipedia.
[54] Weiss, L. (2016). The Lavon Affair: How a false-flag operation led to war and the Israeli bomb. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 69(4), 58-68. https://doi.org/10.1177/0096340213493259 - “But the Egyptian government was apparently told about the next bombing target, and the bomber was arrested. Eventually, Egyptian security rolled up the entire Israeli cell.”
[55] Uddin, R. (2024) Zionist role in 1950s attacks on Iraqi Jews 'confirmed' by operative and police report. Middle East Eye. https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/iraq-jews-attacks-zionist-role-confirmed-operative-police-report - “A police report and an interview with a former Zionist operative form the basis of Avi Shlaim's claim that he has uncovered "undeniable proof" of Israeli involvement in bombings which drove Jews out of Iraq in the early 1950s, the British-Israeli historian told Middle East Eye”
[56} Uddin, R. (2024) - “As well as weapons, Bineth allegedly provided Basri with maps, intelligence and instructions, which included an order "to terrorise and not to kill".”
[57] Uddin, R. (2024) - “Israeli officials have long rejected any Zionist underground or official Israeli involvement in attacks on Iraqi Jews, and instead blamed them on Iraqi nationalists. “
[58] McKernan, B. (2025) Israeli military changes account of Gaza paramedics’ killing after video of attack. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/apr/06/israeli-military-admits-initial-account-of-palestinian-medics-killing-was-mistaken - “Israel’s military has backtracked on its account of the killing of 15 Palestinian medics in Gaza last month after footage contradicted its claims that their vehicles did not have emergency signals on when Israeli troops opened fire.”
[59] McKernan, B. (2025) - “The military said initially it opened fire because the vehicles were “advancing suspiciously” on nearby troops without headlights or emergency signals. An Israeli military official, speaking on condition of anonymity in line with regulations late on Saturday, said that account was “mistaken”.”
The almost seven-minute video, which the Palestine Red Crescent Society (PRCS) said on Saturday was recovered from the phone of Rifat Radwan, one of the men killed, appears to have been filmed from inside a moving vehicle. It shows a red fire engine and clearly marked ambulances driving at night, using headlights and flashing emergency lights.
The vehicle stops beside another that has driven off the road. Two men get out to examine the stopped vehicle, then gunfire erupts before the screen goes black.”
[60] McAlpin, N. and Ambri, A. (2023) Gaza Baptist Hospital massacre: Why Israeli Hamas 'audio evidence' is probably disinformation. The New Arab. https://www.newarab.com/news/gaza-hospital-strike-israeli-audio-proof-disinformation - “An audio recording released by Israel in a bid to deflect responsibility for the massacre at Gaza's Baptist Hospital has been met with incredulity by experts, as Tel Aviv ramps up what experts say are typical propaganda and disinformation tactics used by the Israeli government in wartime. Israel has sought to disprove its army struck al-Ahli Arab Baptist Hospital on Tuesday in an incident the besieged enclave's health ministry has said killed 471 people. The military has claimed a misfired rocket launched by the Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) group was responsible for the blast in Gaza City, after initially blaming it on Hamas. Both Hamas and PIJ have denied the Israeli narrative, blaming Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's government solely for the carnage.”
[61] McAlpin, N. and Ambri, A. (2023) - “The Israeli recording – allegedly of a phone call between two Hamas operatives in which PIJ's potential responsibility is discussed – has been met with disbelief. "The dialect sounds dead foreign to Gaza itself," said Muhammad Shehada, communications chief at Euro-Med Human Rights Monitor.”.... "Shehada, who is from Gaza but is currently based in Europe, said Hamas members are highly religious and this is reflected in their tone of voice, adding that they have expressions that are particular to them absent from the audio exchange. The Israeli army's Arabic spokesperson Avichay Adraee said on social media platform X that the speakers in the recording were a "former Hamas activist" and a resident of the Gaza Strip.”... “Britain's Channel 4 News said in a report broadcast on Wednesday that Hamas considers the recording an "obvious fabrication". The media outlet added: "Two independent Arab journalists told us the same thing because of the language, accent, dialect, syntax, and tone – none of which is, they say, credible."
[62] McAlpin, N. and Ambri, A. (2023) - “The journalist also said people in the enclave do not discuss internal security issues casually on the phone. It is known that Israel heavily surveils the Gaza Strip's telecommunications.”
[63] France 24 (2023) IDF found a calendar in Arabic, not a Hamas ‘names list’ at hospital. https://www.france24.com/en/tv-shows/truth-or-fake/20231116-idf-claims-to-find-list-of-hamas-names-but-it-s-the-days-of-the-week-in-arabic - “A video posted directly by Israel's Defence Forces claimed that it had found Hamas weapons and technology, as well as a "list of terrorist names" in Arabic, showing each agents' rota guarding Israeli hostages under the Al-Rantisi Children's Hospital in Gaza. “
[64] France 24 (2023) - “However, a translation of the document shows that it contains no names but instead a calendar of the days of the week”
[65] Owen Jones, M. (2023) Fact or Fiction: Israel needs fake nurses to justify killing Gaza babies. Al Jazeera. 17 Nov. https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2023/11/17/fact-or-fiction-israel-needs-fake-nurses-to-justify-killing-gaza-babies - “On November 11, the official Arabic account run by Israel’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs posted a video of a nurse, apparently agitated, talking about Hamas overrunning the al-Shifa Hospital, and taking all the fuel and morphine.”
[66] Owen Jones, M. (2023) - “The video, which was retweeted thousands of times, was a clear fake. No staff in the vicinity appear to recognise the individual featured, casting doubt on her identity and role. Robert Mackey, a journalist with the research agency Forensic Architecture, spoke to three Doctors Without Borders staff members working at the al-Shifa Hospital, none of whom recognised her. The video was almost comic in its absurdity. The nurse spoke with a non-Palestinian accent, and her dialogue seemed to perfectly echo Israeli military talking points about Hamas stealing all the fuel from hospitals. Moreover, the strategic placement of a Palestinian Health Ministry logo was a contrived attempt to mislead or create a ‘honeytrap’ for open-source intelligence. Adding to the suspicion were the stock audio-sounding bombing effects, and her immaculately clean white coat and perfect makeup, all of which seemed out of place in a supposedly dire setting.”
[67] The New Arab (2025) Israel faked Gaza tunnel discovery to prevent ceasefire: Gallant. https://www.newarab.com/news/israel-faked-gaza-tunnel-discovery-prevent-ceasefire-gallant - “An investigation has found that an Israeli picture of an alleged Hamas tunnel in the Philadelphi Corridor which separates Gaza and Egypt was fake and used to prevent a ceasefire deal. Israel's public broadcaster Kan reported on Wednesday that the claimed Hamas tunnel was in fact "a canal covered in dirt". The picture was initially published by the Israeli military on the social media platform X on 4 August 2024. It claimed that the tunnel was three meters deep.”
[68] Bunkall, A (2024) Israeli intelligence report claims four UNRWA staff in Gaza involved in Hamas kidnappings. Sky News. https://news.sky.com/story/israeli-intelligence-report-claims-four-unrwa-staff-in-gaza-involved-in-hamas-kidnappings-13059967 - “Sky News has seen Israeli intelligen ce documents that Israel claims are evidence that staff working for a UN agency were connected with Hamas in Gaza.
The report, which has been shared with foreign governments, alleges that six employees of the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA) infiltrated Israel. Four of them were allegedly involved in kidnapping Israelis, while another worker is said to have provided "logistics support".....The Israeli intelligence documents make several claims that Sky News has not seen proof of and many of the claims, even if true, do not directly implicate UNRWA.”