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June 23, 2025

[Interview+] Improving Nuclear Power Generators for Future Space Missions

Solar power has its limits. Some space missions will need an alternative source of power like RTGs. How can we make them better? Which fuel is optimal for them and why? How to convert heat into electricity? Finding out in this interview.

🟣 Guest: Tyler Bernstein https://www.zenopower.com/

Watch the video here (with no ads) or on YouTube: https://youtu.be/r2SxXkm2_fc

Comments (14)

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Gordon Proctor · August 19, 2025

Thanks Fraser, great interview.

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tvdata · July 1, 2025

Thanks for this great video! I used to be wary of the interviews - spoilt by the delicious condensed Space Bites or Q&A. But they are always packed with information. I enjoyed every bit of it. BTW, Sterling can also work with just a double membrane, cancelling vibration. I wonder if humanity will once be able to create an element/isotope generator with only arbitrary matter and energy for input. Would be usefull on generationships.

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Ray Reynolds · July 1, 2025

Great interview

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Paula's Planet PLW · June 26, 2025

The 1977 ban on Plutonium production in Canada seems (to me anyways) to be a block in a grate space energy resource. Canada has many elements that can advance space exploration. I do understand why we are not doing more ugg. I do get that we are only 158 years old, but I wish for us as a country, to do better in our science and exploration. I have always explained to my kids Canada is the richest country in the world for many reasons, fresh water, lumber, land mass, and minerals. Come on Canada let's do better. Sorry for the rant but I had to say it :)

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zap fan · June 25, 2025

Interesting, I wonder how many RTGs are sitting on the ocean floor powering various listening devices. The Planetary Society was very active in getting Pu-238 production going again about 10 years ago, I hope that doesn't stop again with the proposed funding levels... then we can kiss anything beyond Jupiter goodbye...

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Skystrider · June 25, 2025

Why can't the power plant utilize all the radiation for power instead of allowing gama rays out and require shielding? Why isn't the thing that gets hot from the radiation capturing all the radiation as heat?

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Tim Carr · June 24, 2025

This was fascinating to me. I have always been interested in the RTG from Voyager and Cassini. And to think about using other materials, Curium, Americium, Strontium, and even Carbon 14, well that was a kick. Very interesting about the different materials need different shielding, I would have thought Plutonium would have needed all sorts of shielding, but Tyler says not as much as many other materials. I visited JPL and that was my question, "Who puts the RTG on the rover before it launches?" Answer "Volunteers". As for Sterling engines in spacecraft, I am just thinking we humans should be able to come up with something better than reciprocating pistons and crankshafts. Keeping the craft on a set course could be difficult what with this thumping going on inside. Yeah, need 2 pistons, but balanced just perfect or there is going to be shaking. And the wear and tear from pistons starting and stopping. But undersea, sounds like a great idea. for a sterling PS, if you can find guests with knowledge of Cassini, I would love to hear from them. The navigators were just incredible, fly their ship through the Enceladus plume, come on now!

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Hive_Indicator · June 24, 2025

I stopped being interested in what he had to say when his default for looking up how an isotope is created was a text spewing algorithm with no possible regard for the truth (held myself back from using the academic term because you keep your stuff all ages and I respect that and you).

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Brian Deschene · June 24, 2025

The only things that saved this interview were your skills and persistence Fraser. If this was a publicly traded company and I was a stock holder, I would not want this individual as the company’s public facing spokesperson. He was all over the place and not enlightening. Too many words expressing too many disjointed thought fragments failing to convey a cohesive message.

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JD · June 24, 2025

Your guest said Americium was like Plutonium, is it fissionable?

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Ian Cooper · June 24, 2025

Yes, it was proposed as a fuel for a nuclear reactor but that was abandoned due to its low abundance. Now only used in old smoke detectors and specialized batteries.

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Ben Casper · June 24, 2025

Love you're interviews. They just make the future of space so exciting and optimistic about what it might become.

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James Apperson · June 24, 2025

On the subject of thermoelectric power generators, what about exploiting the energy available at specific destinations. Could the icy moon Europa levitate a magnet while moving across the moons surface generate its own electricity passing through Jupiter’s magnetic field. No need for any other source of energy by extracting it from Jupiter’s magnetic field. Besides, if the spacecraft is made to levitate because of the very cold temperatures then a minimal amount of propulsion is required.

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Ian Cooper · June 24, 2025

I suppose that if a series of pylons with a wire were erected across Europa it could produce electricity. Jupiter would be like a stator and Europa a rotor cutting the magnetic field. The energy would come from the moon's motion.