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October 31, 2022

The RS-232 protocol

New video? Yes! It's been a while... But I'm getting back to the 6502 computer with plans to add a serial interface, which will allow for a ROM monitor and ultimately a more functional computer. Anyhow, this video gets started by looking at the electrical and timing characteristics of the RS232 protocol.

As always, I appreciate your support! I realize it's been a while, so if you weren't expecting a post or otherwise aren't interested, my policy is always that if you simply ask, I'll refund your contribution. And of course, please let me know if you catch any errors or confusing bits.

Thanks again!

-Ben

maxresdefault.jpg (YouTube)

Comments (73)

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faxmodem · November 28, 2022

Good to have you back indeed !

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Michael McDonnell · November 9, 2022

Congratulations on your 1 millionth subscriber !

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Jim McCaslin · November 7, 2022

Lol, I literally cancelled on Friday. If you’re back I’m back.

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Peter Larsen · November 6, 2022

I admire your way of explaining technical topics in ways that doesn't make it sound like you're speaking down to the viewer. A lot of your videos you take the viewer on a discovery journey and it feels clear you're purposedly getting into the hurdles you to illustrate points, making the viewer appreciate a better understanding of what goes on. I tried to explain RS232 to a friend and didn't even come close to this. Great video (as always).

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Kelly Cane · November 6, 2022

At 24:20, by setting the counter in half_bit_delay to #6 instead of #13, we are not really waiting exactly half a bit though, are we? because the original counter of 13 included the time it took the routine to read the bit, whereas with half_bit_delay, we are waiting before the routine gets executed. Still works, because reading at 1/3 of a bit is fine with a well tuned clock.

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Kelly Cane · November 6, 2022

I'm currently ill in bed and it's great to have you back making videos.

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Daniel Varga · November 6, 2022

Great to have you back!!!!!

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Chris Bates-Keegan · November 5, 2022

Glad to have you back, Ben!

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jbowen · November 5, 2022

Just happy you're alive and well :)

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Ryan Helinski · November 5, 2022

Welcome back! I am excited to check out this new video.

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Tim Oriol · November 5, 2022

Welcome back, Ben!

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Cameron Peck · November 3, 2022

Return of the king

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Martin Noble · November 3, 2022

Really great to have a new video. Seeing the bits on the scope really helps with understanding how the protocol works and how it copes with lack of clock transmission.

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Andy Chang · November 3, 2022

good to have you back

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Michael McDonnell · November 2, 2022

at 22:56 you said 1ghz i think you meant 1 mhz

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Michael McDonnell · November 2, 2022

I sort of knew what 8n1 (or 8e1, etc) meant but not at the bit level. It is great to see a video from you.

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- · November 2, 2022

YAY!! We missed you and are thrilled to have you back!!

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Dave MInter · November 2, 2022

I thoroughly enjoyed that, thanks! Well worth the wait.

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Jonathan Turner · November 2, 2022

So glad you're back!

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Danzar · November 2, 2022

Welcome Back; glad to see you are ok. Also great video :D

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Lukasz Pacholik · November 1, 2022

You are back! Great!

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Kerry Allan · November 1, 2022

I'm so glad you're back!!

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David Courtney · November 1, 2022

Always happy to see a Ben Eater video! Hope to see you expand the 8-Bit BB Computer someday.

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Auctoris · November 1, 2022

Welcome back! Looking forward to watching this!

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Ivan Toshkov · November 1, 2022

Great video! Thank you. I think you should name it "The RS-232 protocol" though. Even if it's slightly inaccurate, it will generate more views IMO.

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Michael Weitman · November 1, 2022

Restored my faith in humanity... all is not lost; thank you for the triumphant return and for affirming that serial is not dead!

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Jo Ga · November 1, 2022

Welcome back!!

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David Dawkins · November 1, 2022

Odd transition at 9:27

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David Dawkins · November 1, 2022

Wonderful to see you back

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alisianoi · November 1, 2022

Happy to see you back, hope you're doing ok!

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Fred Leckie · November 1, 2022

Welcome back, Ben. I hope you and yours are O.K.

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Matt Shaile · November 1, 2022

Tiny mistake, at 23:00 you say "1 Gigahertz clock" by mistake instead of "Megahertz". Thank for the video!

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Nik Klassen · November 1, 2022

I got so much out of the breadboard computer series and I've been patiently waiting for a new video just so I could support you

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Elekes Karoly · November 1, 2022

At first, I thought, that you will use the R65C51 chip, and said to myself, oh I already implemented that on my computer, my jaws dropped when I saw that you are using a single transistor.

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Dylan Speiser · November 1, 2022

What an amazing video to come back with!

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Jeff · November 1, 2022

Glad to hear from you! Its fun to see you do deep dives into protocols that I use at work. We still use rs-232 in a handfull of locations to interface test equipment on an assembly line.

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LemonRamen Games · November 1, 2022

Yay so glad to see a new post! I found your account a few months ago and I managed to build the 8 bit computer and 6502 computer, working on the graphics card next. But I was very sad to see that you had stopped uploading months before I encountered your channel. Super glad that your back, keep up the great work Ben!

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Mike Swanson · October 31, 2022

So good to hear from you, Ben! Welcome back. You've definitely been missed.

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Magnus Hugemark · October 31, 2022

Wow! I for sure though you had left us all. Very happy (and relieved) to hear from you again.

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Nick · October 31, 2022

Great to see you back. I recently discovered your excellent videos, and was somewhat dismayed to see you weren't active online. I'm feeling very inspired by your 8-bit computer and 6502 series, and I remarked to a friend (who has built your 8 bit computer) that it was a shame you didn't seem to be active, and he mentioned this new post, so here I am, a brand new backer :)

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Robert Brown · October 31, 2022

Welcome babies, Ben.

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Steve Robillard · October 31, 2022

Glad to see you back and hope all is well or at least better.

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Kris Kennaway · October 31, 2022

Great to see another video! Some small corrections on the cycle counting: JSR is 6 cycles JMP is 3 conditional branches are 2 if not taken and 3 if taken (plus another one if crossing a page boundary) This probably doesn't change things enough to matter (since it obviously works), because it's still within tolerances when reading 8 bits after the start bit synchronization.

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Mark Day · October 31, 2022

At about 23:03, you said, "... with a 1GHz clock". Pretty sure you meant to say "one megahertz".

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Mark Day · October 31, 2022

FYI, there is an alternate way to get the input bit into the carry flag, if you can wire the input to either bit 7 or bit 0 of PORTA. You do a LDA PORTA followed by a ROL (for bit 7) or ROR (for bit 0). Of course, this modifies the accumulator, so you have some choices: * Push and pull the A register around the LDA PORTA / ROL(R) * Keep the input byte in RAM (you would do ROR $addr to shift in the bit) * If you're not using PORTA for output, you could ROL/ROR PORTA directly to move the input bit into the carry flag, without changing the accumulator. Note that all of these avoid conditional branches, which makes things easier if you're counting cycles for timing purposes.

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Edward Meewis · October 31, 2022

Hello Ben, Thank you for another great video! Other avenues to explore: Flow control (RTS/CTS, handshakes), differential signals (LVDS) or analog electronics (how to generate a negative voltage from a positive one, charge pumps). Maybe you already had those planned. Best regards, Ed.

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Jim Knowler · October 31, 2022

Great to see you making videos again!

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Spencer Ruport · October 31, 2022

Welcome back! :)

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Scoth Harris · October 31, 2022

Really enjoyed it. Looking forward to the next videos and the associated kit.

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Jeff Jetton · October 31, 2022

Woo-hoo! Can't wait to get a chance to sit down and watch this one!

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Joffito · October 31, 2022

So good. Enjoyed every second of the video. Glad you‘re back!

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Jeremy Tice · October 31, 2022

Holy crap welcome back Ben!

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Shelton · October 31, 2022

Welcome back. This is great. I like that you're moving to the ability to use a terminal emulator to communicate with it. But how about "just" a keyboard (like an old serial or PS2 style). Some of us may actually have an old one. I'm not suggesting to edit the video -- other than perhaps to mention if it would be at all possible or not (even if not wise) to connect just a keyboard. (And, maybe this is for a later video where you introduce the Serial chips.)

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Edward Meewis · October 31, 2022

He already demonstrated that in three earlier videos. You may want to review those. - Ed.

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John Castle · October 31, 2022

Great video, glad to see you're back!

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Vito Sartori · October 31, 2022

I wanted so much to add serial to my build! This will surely be super helpful! Welcome back, Ben!

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Jeff Geerling · October 31, 2022

Exciting to see it! I love your deep dives into these protocols that I use often (abstracted through libraries) but never really dove into much.

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Douglas Moore · October 31, 2022

Does Red Shirt Jeff have a breadboard 6502?

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David Craig · October 31, 2022

Beyond elated to see this. It may be unfair of some of us to be concerned but you are a part of our existence now.

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James Helms · October 31, 2022

Super glad to see you back!

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Thomas Eriksen · October 31, 2022

Thanks for the video

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Hugo Dahl · October 31, 2022

And now, all these names and values that I "just knew" make so much more sense! Great intro to serial communications. Minor note: right around 23:02-23:03 you said "...each clock cycle is a micro-second with a one gigahertz clock", when you likely meant "one megahertz clock". Should be fairly obvious you meant "megahertz" since you went over the speed, timing and clock earlier in the video.

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Naphtali Levy · October 31, 2022

Welcome back Ben! We missed you! :)

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Xavier · October 31, 2022

Yay, making a big batch of popcorn to enjoy this video!

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AlesK56 · October 31, 2022

Welcome back :)

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Richard · October 31, 2022

So good to see you back!

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Kevin Snaden · October 31, 2022

We were all worried about you. Hope all is well and that you are in good health.

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Tim Soderstrom · October 31, 2022

Dude I've been legitimately worried about you! Glad to see you're seemingly good and back at it! Excited to watch the video!

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Tyler Arbogast · October 31, 2022

So glad you’re back!

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Skylar · October 31, 2022

YESSSS, so happy for more of your work

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Joe Rork · October 31, 2022

So glad to hear of your return!

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Douglas Moore · October 31, 2022

Christmas has come early!

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Ori Shamir · October 31, 2022

I couldn’t agree more